2 Chronicles 20:12
A focused desk for reading, commentary, cross-references, original language notes, and your own observations.
2 Chronicles 20:12
12 O our God, wilt thou not judge them? for we have no might against this great company that cometh against us; neither know we what to do: but our eyes are upon thee.
Chapter Context
2 Chronicles 20 is a historical narrative chapter in the Old Testament that explores themes of redemption, faith, grace. Written during the post-exilic reflection on the monarchy (c. 430-400 BCE), this chapter should be understood within its historical context: Written to remind returning exiles of their temple-centered worship and Davidic heritage.
The chapter can be divided into several sections:
- Verses 1-5: Introduction and setting the context
- Verses 6-12: Development of key themes
- Verses 13-20: Central message and teachings
- Verses 21-37: Conclusion and application
This chapter is significant because it contributes to the biblical metanarrative of redemption. When studying this passage, it's important to consider both its immediate context within 2 Chronicles and its broader place in the scriptural canon.
Verse Study
2 Chronicles 20:12
12 O our God, wilt thou not judge them? for we have no might against this great company that cometh against us; neither know we what to do: but our eyes are upon thee.
Analysis
Jehoshaphat's prayer facing overwhelming military odds contains one of Scripture's most honest confessions: 'O our God, wilt thou not judge them? for we have no might against this great company that cometh against us; neither know we what to do: but our eyes are upon thee.' This models prayer's progression: appeal to God's justice, confession of powerlessness, admission of confusion, and finally, total dependence ('our eyes are upon thee'). The honesty about not knowing what to do contradicts false confidence; the commitment to look to God expresses true faith. Reformed theology emphasizes this posture - human inability driving dependence on divine sufficiency. This prayer anticipates Christ's invitation to cast all anxiety on Him.
Historical Context
The coalition of Moab, Ammon, and Edom invaded Judah (c. 853 BCE) with overwhelming force. Jehoshaphat's response - calling nationwide fast and seeking God rather than military strategy - demonstrated covenant priorities and resulted in miraculous deliverance (20:15-24).
Reflection
- What impossible situation are you facing where you need to confess 'we don't know what to do, but our eyes are on You'?
- How does admitting powerlessness and ignorance become the gateway to experiencing God's power and wisdom?
Word Studies
- God: אֱלֹהִים (Elohim) H430 - God (plural of majesty)
Cross-References
- References God: 2 Samuel 14:11, Psalms 141:8
- Judgment: Deuteronomy 32:36, Judges 11:27, 1 Samuel 3:13, Psalms 9:19, 43:1, Revelation 19:11
- Parallel theme: Psalms 25:15, Jonah 2:4